our study tested the effect of varying durations of magnetic exposure on tumor growth and viability in mice injected with breast cancer cells. the growth and spread of the resulting tumors in inoculated mice were viewed with the in vivo optical imaging system that monitored tumor progression in a single animal in a real-time fashion. all mice were euthanized at the end of the study and tissues collected for histopathologic analysis. the effect of magnetic fields in inoculated mice was assessed by comparing the exposed groups with the unexposed group. mice were monitored for tumor growth once every 2 to 4 d over the course of 4 wk with whole-body bioluminescence imaging for 2 to 3 min by using the in vivo imaging system. skin, liver, lung, and spleen samples were collected from mice in the preliminary study, which was conducted to assess the effect of magnetic field on the general health of the animals.
the tumors in all groups of mice were poorly differentiated carcinomas with limited mammary differentiation. we used t-cell–immunodeficient swiss outbred nude mice to investigate the effect of magnetic fields in tumor growth and viability. another study21 investigated the effect of magnetic radiation on tumors in mice injected with sarcoma ascites cells. in sum, we report that direct exposure of mice to magnetic fields reduced tumor growth and progression. our goal was to perform a preliminary study to assess the effects of magnetic fields in tumor growth and viability. sections of tumors [magnification, ×20 (left) and ×400 (right)] from mice in the ncg group (top panel) and g360 group (bottom panel) at week 4 of study.
for this purpose, magnetic particles are injected in the tumor or exposed to cancer cells and a low-frequency alternating magnetic field is applied. the most recent literature includes in particular the review of goiriena-goikoetxea et al., 2020,24 showing disk-shaped magnetic particles as magneto-mechanical actuator to destroy cancer cells, chen et al., 2020,25 showing a magneto-mechanical approach based on nanocubes considered as nanospinner, and maniotis et al., 2019,26 showing an alternating magnetic field source designed for the magneto-mechanical activation of particles. through non-zero magnetic field gradient)26 tend to move the particles in translation towards the regions of large field amplitudes. secondly, combined to the magnetic actuation optimization, size and shape of the particles are chosen to achieve the particles redispersion in zero magnetic field, depending on the material used. in the center of the agitator, the field is parallel to the plane and has a value of 15 mt, which is indeed a rotating field. this cylinder is composed of several permanent magnets (usually 8, 12 or 16) suitably oriented to produce a uniform magnetic field in the hollow of the cylinder.
in an innovative approach, a preclinical mri system was used to apply a pulsed gradient.48 the main advantage of this method is its compatibility for subsequent clinical use, as mri imaging systems are already widely used in hospitals. in some studies, the number of live cells is quantified using optical microscopy and compared to the number of cells in untreated control. the local injection of particles predominates – with two cases of particles previously mixed with the cancer cells for a common injection – leading to upstream level studies. by applying a rotating field of 1 t at 20 hz for 1 h daily for 1 week, the authors showed an increase in median survival from 56 days for the group exposed to particles without magnetic field application, to 63 days for the treated group with magnetic field, as shown in fig. also in a subcutaneous model, li et al.50 observed morphological changes after the application of a magnetic field from 1 to 10 mt with a frequency varying between 2 and 20 hz for 1 h. spherical iron oxide particles were injected into the subcutaneous tumor and was exposed to the magnetic field 8 hours after injection. the particles of anisotropic shape turned out to exhibit advantages in different aspects of this approach. both in vitro and in vivo studies in the field of magneto-mechanical therapies of cancer pave the way for a real renewing of cancer therapies, responding to the therapeutical resistances observed in the field of chemotherapy and targeted molecular and cellular therapies.
both chemotherapy and ionizing radiation can be effective against many types of cancer, but they also harm normal tissues. the use of nonionizing, magnetic the principle of this technique is to apply a mechanical force on cancer cells in order to destroy them thanks to magnetic particles vibrations. a more feasible form of magnets for treating cancer involves magnetic nanoparticles and hyperthermia therapy. hyperthermia, sometimes referred, .
magnetic therapies have no role in the diagnosis or treatment of cancer. the term u201cmagnet therapyu201d encompasses practices as simple as wearing magnetized bracelets, to using magnetized mattresses, to therapy that involves large magnetic field-generating machinery. the term magnet therapy usually refers to the use of static magnets placed directly on the body, generally over regions of pain. static magnets are either scientists at ucl have developed a novel cancer therapy that uses an mri scanner to guide a magnetic seed through the brain to heat and magnetic nanoparticles delivered close to the tumour cells are activated using alternating magnetic fields. hyperthermia therapy is effective if, .
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